{"id":4855,"date":"2025-09-24T11:50:23","date_gmt":"2025-09-24T04:20:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/?p=4855"},"modified":"2025-09-24T16:07:22","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T08:37:22","slug":"%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%b9%e0%b9%81%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%b8%e0%b8%82%e0%b8%a0%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%9e%e0%b8%81%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%9c%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%94%e0%b9%83%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%9c%e0%b8%b9%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%9b%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%a7%e0%b8%a2%e0%b9%82%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%99%e0%b9%82%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%ab%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%b9%e0%b8%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/knowledge-for-the-public\/%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%b9%e0%b9%81%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%b8%e0%b8%82%e0%b8%a0%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%9e%e0%b8%81%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%9c%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%94%e0%b9%83%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%9c%e0%b8%b9%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%9b%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%a7%e0%b8%a2%e0%b9%82%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%99%e0%b9%82%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%ab%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%b9%e0%b8%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e39\u0e41\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e02\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e01\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1c\u0e48\u0e32\u0e15\u0e31\u0e14\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1b\u0e48\u0e27\u0e22\u0e42\u0e23\u0e04\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e14\u0e31\u0e19\u0e42\u0e25\u0e2b\u0e34\u0e15\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e07"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-7iejk7-56770d096d496e8717115f81c19424eb\">\n.avia-section.av-7iejk7-56770d096d496e8717115f81c19424eb{\nbackground-color:#16697a;\nbackground:linear-gradient( to bottom right, #16697a, #ffbd60, rgba(255,255,255,0.72) );\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-7iejk7-56770d096d496e8717115f81c19424eb main_color avia-section-huge avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  avia-bg-style-scroll av-minimum-height av-minimum-height-50 av-height-50  container_wrap fullsize'   data-av_minimum_height_pc='50' data-av_min_height_opt='50'><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4855'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-5a70xz-61c395eb25a6fb48d078a406c991aa0d av_one_full  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mfxhcfqi-0038d89b2e9dc5d8f95fe1ca9a204ac9\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-mfxhcfqi-0038d89b2e9dc5d8f95fe1ca9a204ac9 .avia_textblock{\ntext-align:center;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mfxhcfqi-0038d89b2e9dc5d8f95fe1ca9a204ac9 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1 class=\"av-special-heading-tag \">\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e19<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mfxhcvu6-5faf4019d73ce9c2fd5e5321a2da73ca\">\n#top .hr.av-mfxhcvu6-5faf4019d73ce9c2fd5e5321a2da73ca{\nmargin-top:30px;\nmargin-bottom:30px;\n}\n.hr.av-mfxhcvu6-5faf4019d73ce9c2fd5e5321a2da73ca .hr-inner{\nwidth:50px;\nborder-color:#000000;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-mfxhcvu6-5faf4019d73ce9c2fd5e5321a2da73ca hr-custom  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  hr-center hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-fat'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-4ckgn-1a4ddbe94e8699750c53929c1152c559 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4855'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mfxh9bte-7021739f859adef87d37b2c61b8d98a4\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-mfxh9bte-7021739f859adef87d37b2c61b8d98a4 .avia_textblock{\ntext-align:center;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mfxh9bte-7021739f859adef87d37b2c61b8d98a4 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e14\u0e39\u0e41\u0e25\u0e2a\u0e38\u0e02\u0e20\u0e32\u0e1e\u0e01\u0e48\u0e2d\u0e19\u0e01\u0e32\u0e23\u0e1c\u0e48\u0e32\u0e15\u0e31\u0e14\u0e43\u0e19\u0e1c\u0e39\u0e49\u0e1b\u0e48\u0e27\u0e22\u0e42\u0e23\u0e04\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e14\u0e31\u0e19\u0e42\u0e25\u0e2b\u0e34\u0e15\u0e2a\u0e39\u0e07<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='flex_column av-5as8tz-65cdf4abeb01a50b1f9b42af36935190 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_one_fifth  first flex_column_div  column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-2o1jc7-72145166f8330da37ac5209dde30266a '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" >\n<div\n    class='wp-block-pdfp-pdf-poster  alignnone'\n    id='block-2'\n    data-attributes='{&quot;uniqueId&quot;:&quot;pdfp1&quot;,&quot;file&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\\\/department\\\/anesthesiology\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9C%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%87.pdf&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;\\u0e01\\u0e32\\u0e23\\u0e14\\u0e39\\u0e41\\u0e25\\u0e2a\\u0e38\\u0e02\\u0e20\\u0e32\\u0e1e\\u0e01\\u0e48\\u0e2d\\u0e19\\u0e01\\u0e32\\u0e23\\u0e1c\\u0e48\\u0e32\\u0e15\\u0e31\\u0e14\\u0e43\\u0e19\\u0e1c\\u0e39\\u0e49\\u0e1b\\u0e48\\u0e27\\u0e22\\u0e42\\u0e23\\u0e04\\u0e04\\u0e27\\u0e32\\u0e21\\u0e14\\u0e31\\u0e19\\u0e42\\u0e25\\u0e2b\\u0e34\\u0e15\\u0e2a\\u0e39\\u0e07&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:&quot;868px&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;100%&quot;,&quot;print&quot;:false,&quot;fullscreenButton&quot;:true,&quot;fullscreenButtonText&quot;:&quot;Full Screen&quot;,&quot;newWindow&quot;:false,&quot;showName&quot;:false,&quot;downloadButton&quot;:true,&quot;downloadButtonText&quot;:&quot;Download File&quot;,&quot;protect&quot;:false,&quot;onlyPDF&quot;:false,&quot;defaultBrowser&quot;:false,&quot;thumbMenu&quot;:false,&quot;initialPage&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;sidebarOpen&quot;:false,&quot;lastVersion&quot;:false,&quot;hrScroll&quot;:false,&quot;alert&quot;:false,&quot;btnStyles&quot;:{&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#1e73be&quot;,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;fontSize&quot;:&quot;1rem&quot;,&quot;padding&quot;:{&quot;top&quot;:10,&quot;right&quot;:20,&quot;bottom&quot;:10,&quot;left&quot;:10}},&quot;popupOptions&quot;:{&quot;enabled&quot;:0,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Open PDF&quot;,&quot;triggerType&quot;:&quot;button&quot;,&quot;image&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;imageHeight&quot;:&quot;200px&quot;,&quot;imageWidth&quot;:&quot;300px&quot;,&quot;imagePdfIcon&quot;:true,&quot;triggerAlignment&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;btnStyle&quot;:{&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#1e73be&quot;,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;fontSize&quot;:&quot;1rem&quot;,&quot;padding&quot;:{&quot;top&quot;:10,&quot;right&quot;:20,&quot;bottom&quot;:10,&quot;left&quot;:10}}},&quot;actionsPosition&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;socialShare&quot;:{&quot;enabled&quot;:false,&quot;facebook&quot;:false,&quot;twitter&quot;:false,&quot;linkedin&quot;:false,&quot;pinterest&quot;:false,&quot;position&quot;:&quot;top&quot;},&quot;adobeEmbedder&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;alignment&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;titleFontSize&quot;:&quot;16px&quot;,&quot;isHideRightToolbar&quot;:false,&quot;additional&quot;:{&quot;ID&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;Class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;CSS&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;adobeOptions&quot;:{&quot;showDownloadPDF&quot;:true,&quot;showPrintPDF&quot;:true,&quot;showAnnotationTools&quot;:true,&quot;showFullScreen&quot;:false,&quot;embedMode&quot;:&quot;SIZED_CONTAINER&quot;},&quot;popupBtnStyle&quot;:{&quot;background&quot;:&quot;#2271b1&quot;,&quot;color&quot;:&quot;#fff&quot;,&quot;padding&quot;:{&quot;top&quot;:10,&quot;right&quot;:20,&quot;bottom&quot;:10,&quot;left&quot;:10}},&quot;popupBtnText&quot;:&quot;Open Document&quot;,&quot;CSS&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;openPopupId&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isPremium&quot;:false}'\n    style=\"text-align: left\">\n            <div class=\"pdfp_loading_placeholder\" style=\"height: 868px; width: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; background: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">\n             <p>Loading Viewer...<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-2bnpyf-4254093926b8b6ee1b4b3e31f5997023 hr-default  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div><div class='flex_column_table av-6aq6mf-158ba2d3e18a58512f04e08243126978 sc-av_one_fifth av-equal-height-column-flextable'><div  class='flex_column av-6aq6mf-158ba2d3e18a58512f04e08243126978 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top  column-top-margin'     ><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-44jbqv-4ad67df1e966c1745508519c5020c496 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top  column-top-margin'     ><p><div  class='avia-button-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-11  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first '>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mfxncowr-9b9ad62698436a3adb866aa1b8fb5d24\">\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-mfxncowr-9b9ad62698436a3adb866aa1b8fb5d24{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\nborder-color:#16697a;\ncolor:#16697a;\nborder-style:solid;\nborder-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\nfont-size:30px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .avia-button.av-mfxncowr-9b9ad62698436a3adb866aa1b8fb5d24:hover{\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\ncolor:#16697a;\ntransition:all 0.4s ease-in-out;\n}\n<\/style>\n<a href='https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/uncategorized\/knowledge-all\/' class='av-icon-on-hover avia-button avia-button-fullwidth av-mfxncowr-9b9ad62698436a3adb866aa1b8fb5d24 avia-icon_select-yes-right-icon avia-color-custom'   aria-label=\"\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e19\"><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >\u0e04\u0e27\u0e32\u0e21\u0e23\u0e39\u0e49\u0e2a\u0e33\u0e2b\u0e23\u0e31\u0e1a\u0e1b\u0e23\u0e30\u0e0a\u0e32\u0e0a\u0e19<\/span><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_right' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue84e' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/a><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-34soav-592798dfae778f562b057b5911218371 hr-default  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_button_big  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-1z7bzb-aca66f11d33b4984533eb3ef64eda902 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top  column-top-margin'     ><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_3'  class='avia-section av-3vmgtj-774635974d12ab815cc6f4076a6777fd main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4855'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='hr av-32gnlz-fe891d2818056ba06cf4475e8e3f7263 hr-default  avia-builder-el-15  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge-for-the-public"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4855","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4855"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4855\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4855"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4855"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/department\/anesthesiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}