{"id":62017,"date":"2025-12-23T09:01:25","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T02:01:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/en\/?p=62017"},"modified":"2026-02-20T09:15:14","modified_gmt":"2026-02-20T02:15:14","slug":"development-of-a-retrobulbar-anesthesia-injection-training-simulator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/en\/highlights\/development-of-a-retrobulbar-anesthesia-injection-training-simulator\/","title":{"rendered":"Development of a Retrobulbar Anesthesia Injection Training Simulator"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-dra2avn-846143f308b75fcfeacc6fe56bdd46f3 main_color avia-section-small avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry 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class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-62017'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-azxw0nn-454298c0621018552d10e99435887e63 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-8  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div  '     ><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-agrumj7-bbf9721ce0ff99fba0bf95fff84d5387 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-9x2kxkj-d8c71be483043ffa1e7757eeb4935264 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><header aria-label=\"Article header\">\n<header aria-label=\"Article header\">\n<h1 class=\"reader-article-header__title\" dir=\"ltr\">Development of a Retrobulbar Anesthesia Injection Training Simulator<\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"relative reader__grid\">\n<div class=\"reader-author-info__container\">\n<div class=\"display-flex align-items-center justify-space-between\">\n<div class=\"reader-author-info__inner-container\">\n<div id=\"ember371\" class=\"artdeco-entity-lockup artdeco-entity-lockup--size-3 ember-view\">\n<div id=\"ember372\" class=\"artdeco-entity-lockup__image artdeco-entity-lockup__image--type-square ember-view\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"relative reader__grid\">\n<div class=\"reader-author-info__container\">\n<div class=\"display-flex align-items-center justify-space-between\">\n<div class=\"reader-author-info__inner-container\">\n<div id=\"ember2242\" class=\"artdeco-entity-lockup artdeco-entity-lockup--size-3 ember-view\">\n<div id=\"ember2243\" class=\"artdeco-entity-lockup__image artdeco-entity-lockup__image--type-square ember-view\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-98ujbtf-5f92ecb5d7864414b03e7c0cdba41685 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div  '     ><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-w6kovn-d26a3514e9abb75494244346ce99e915 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div  column-top-margin'     ><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-8iqog9f-878b04e3cdd53b03586d0e66c860c93a av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div  column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-87ki54j-f657560a61834e643e2384f80c7f30c7 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Assoc.Prof.Somanus Thoongsuwan<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Department of Ophthalmology<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-7kf1fdf-3ed387294c605bcb0d2000f7fe5235ac\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-7kf1fdf-3ed387294c605bcb0d2000f7fe5235ac .avia_textblock{\ncolumn-count:2;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-7kf1fdf-3ed387294c605bcb0d2000f7fe5235ac '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_multi_colums'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3><b>Background<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clinical skills training is a vital part in preparing medical professionals especially in fields such as ophthalmology where precision accuracy and patient safety are essential. During eye surgery, the eye must remain completely still and the patient must be free from pain throughout the procedure. Retrobulbar anesthesia which involves injecting a local anesthetic behind the eyeball is therefore commonly used to reduce pain and prevent eye movement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the injection site is located very close to critical structures including the optic nerve and major blood vessels and the procedure is performed using a blind injection technique without direct visualization of internal anatomy. It carries significant risk of complications such as accidental perforation of the eyeball or injury to the optic nerve. As a result, practicing this technique on real patients involves serious ethical concerns and safety limitations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To improve training effectiveness while reducing patient risk the Department of Ophthalmology together with the Medical Education Technology Center (METC), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital developed a <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Retrobulbar Anesthesia Injection Training Simulator.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This educational innovation is intended for use in the ophthalmology residency training program and allows trainees to practice the procedure safely and confidently before performing it on real patients.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Concept and Development Process<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The simulation model was developed in 2020 and later received petty patent protection in 2024. It was designed to closely reflect real human anatomy. The external structure is made from translucent material which allows trainees to observe the needle tip inside the eye socket during practice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The eyeball and optic nerve are produced at life size using firm materials so trainees can experience realistic resistance when the needle makes contact. The upper surface is constructed from a flexible skin-like material which enables accurate palpation of the orbital bone margins. Inside the orbital cavity flexible internal components allow the needle to change direction naturally during the simulated procedure.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Educational Benefits<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Residents can practice the injection repeatedly using the simulation model until they develop sufficient skill and confidence before performing the procedure on live patients. This training approach helps reduce the risk of complications that may lead to permanent vision loss and potential legal consequences.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently, the Department of Ophthalmology has integrated this simulator into the residency training curriculum. This allows trainees to understand the injection technique correctly, maintain safe control of needle direction and significantly enhance overall learning outcomes.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Conclusion and Recommendations<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b><i>Retrobulbar Anesthesia Injection Training Simulator<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is an educational innovation that supports safe effective hands-on learning. It contributes to raising the standard of ophthalmology residency training and serves as a reference model for developing medical simulation tools in other specialties. This innovation plays an important role in building a sustainable and patient-safe training system for the future.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-72laaer-d8ea37b5b99bba22bb2fe1fb9ab8ef13 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div  column-top-margin'     ><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_4'  class='avia-section av-4ybnp2r-f4f15b6e6cfb44fdef504415ca0b375d main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-62017'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-49crfxv-ba599245d2023551f9eb9b202a094597 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-18  el_before_av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-43sydbn-87ac92b3e88adefe49162f3f0d8e4224\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-43sydbn-87ac92b3e88adefe49162f3f0d8e4224 .avia_textblock{\ntext-align:center;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-43sydbn-87ac92b3e88adefe49162f3f0d8e4224 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1>Related Highlights<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-c1ckwj-c87315261c649a9d7b4a4b4db4472675 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div  column-top-margin'     ><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-2xw3ixf-2854137fdef7d339536cde7b1c493226 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-21  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div  column-top-margin' 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attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/uterus-asian-woman-holding-human-anatomy-model-2025-04-27-07-10-12-utc-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/uterus-asian-woman-holding-human-anatomy-model-2025-04-27-07-10-12-utc-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/www2.si.mahidol.ac.th\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/uterus-asian-woman-holding-human-anatomy-model-2025-04-27-07-10-12-utc-180x180.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 80px) 100vw, 80px\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"av-magazine-content-wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\" aria-label=\"Post: Placental Accreta Spectrum (PAS)\"><time class='av-magazine-time updated'  itemprop=\"datePublished\" datetime=\"2025-12-19T10:21:46+07:00\" >December 19, 2025<\/time><h3 class='av-magazine-title entry-title '  itemprop=\"headline\" ><a 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